充当语音网关的思科路由器在统一通信(UC)部署中执行重要作业。语音网关中的数字信号处理器(DSP)将语音实时协议(RTP)介质转换为传统电话互操作性所需的时分复用(TDM)。在确定呼叫质量的IP语音(VoIP)呼叫腿上使用具有不同音频质量和带宽要求的各种音频编解码器。VoIP拨打Cisco路由器的对等体默认为压缩的G.729音频编解码器,但可以在SIP和H.323网关中协商编解码器。MGCP网关不支持任何编解码器协商,因为Cisco Unified Communications Manager(CUCM)因区域配置而对调用方的编解码器决定。H.323使用H.245协议提供音频,视频和数据媒体协商。SIP利用会话描述协议(SDP)提供相同的信息。无论使用的协议如何,都在网关路由器的Cisco IO中配置相同。下面的路由器1语音类配置应用于拨打对等体900,将优先级编解码器功能列出到10.1.1.1。Router1:语音类编解码器90编解码器偏好1 G729A编解码器首选项2 ILBC编解码器偏好3 G722编解码器偏好4 G711ULAW! Dial-peer voice 900 voip Destination-pattern 15… Voice-class codec 90 Session target ipv4:10.1.1.1 The receiving device will make the final codec determination via the local voice class codec negotiation. If a call is routed from router 1 to router 2, the voice class below will result in an audio codec of g711ulaw because both routers support the codec and it is the called party’s preferred audio codec. ROUTER2: Voice class codec 914 Codec preference 1 g711ulaw Codec preference 2 ilbc Codec preference 3 g722 Codec preference 4 g729a ! Dial-peer voice 500 voip Incoming called-number 15… Voice-class codec 914 The following debugs can be used to verify the media negotiation in H.323 and SIP respectively. Update your resume before running debugs in production environments. Debug h245 asn1 Debug ccsip messages
音频编解码器协商
语音类编解码器
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